In August 2016, the Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs, Lvse Jiangnan and Huai River Guardians conducted a joint investigation, aiming to understand the supply chain management practices behind Disney's meticulously constructed green image. Investigations show that the brand has failed to meet its promises to "actively screen, evaluate and study the direct and indirect impacts its daily operations impose on the environment." Instead, Disney uses licensing as a way of shirking environmental responsibility.